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M94A0347.TXT
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1994-10-08
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Document 0347
DOCN M94A0347
TI Improved specificity of in vitro anti-HIV antibody production:
implications for diagnosis and timing of transmission in infants born to
HIV-seropositive mothers.
DT 9412
AU Wang XP; Paul M; Tetali S; Abrams E; Bamji M; Gulick L; Chirmule N;
Oyaizu N; Bakshi S; Pahwa S; Department of Pediatrics, North Shore
University Hospital-Cornell; University Medical College, New York, New
York 11030.
SO AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jun;10(6):691-9. Unique Identifier :
AIDSLINE MED/94355114
AB In vitro anti-HIV antibody production (IVAP), initially introduced as a
method for diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)
infection in infants, has been limited in its application because of
poor specificity and sensitivity early in life. The aims of this study
were to improve the specificity of the IVAP assay and to evaluate its
sensitivity in conjunction with assays of HIV culture, polymerase chain
reaction (PCR), and p24 antigen. To prevent false-positive reactions
resulting from maternal serum-derived cytophilic anti-HIV IgG,
additional preculture and washing steps for peripheral blood mononuclear
cells (PBMCs) were introduced that resulted in dramatic improvement in
specificity of IVAP. The sensitivity of the revised IVAP at age < 3
months in 20 infected infants was, however, only 25%; of 15 infected
infants initially negative in IVAP, 13 became positive at a mean
estimated age of 4.4 +/- 1.8 months. When correlated with virological
assays, a failure to respond in IVAP at age < 1 month was often
associated with negative virological identification, whereas a positive
IVAP response at age < 3 months was always associated with positive
results in all virological assays. Moreover, conversion from negative
IVAP to positive responses occurred subsequent to, and not concurrently
with, a positive virological identification of infected infants. The
revised IVAP methodology renders this assay potentially useful as an
additional tool not only for the diagnosis of HIV infection, but for
estimating timing of maternal-infant HIV transmission as well.
DE *Antibody Specificity Biological Markers Child, Preschool
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Female Human *HIV Antibodies HIV
Infections/*CONGENITAL/*DIAGNOSIS/TRANSMISSION
HIV-1/*IMMUNOLOGY/ISOLATION & PURIF Infant Infant,
Newborn/*MICROBIOLOGY Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications,
Infectious/*DIAGNOSIS Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Time Factors
JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).